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Description

Error 275, 'Aggregate function not allowed', indicates that an SQL query within SAP S/4HANA attempted to use an aggregate function (e.g., SUM, COUNT, AVG) in a context where it is syntactically or logically forbidden. This commonly occurs in custom reports, analytical views, or data extraction processes when SQL rules for aggregation are violated.

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Error Message

ERR_SQL_NOT_FUNCTION: Aggregate function not allowed

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Known Causes

3 known causes

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Aggregate Function in WHERE Clause

An aggregate function was incorrectly placed in the WHERE clause, which filters individual rows before aggregation, not after.

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Missing GROUP BY Clause

The query combines aggregate functions with non-aggregate columns in the SELECT statement without specifying a GROUP BY clause for the non-aggregate columns.

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Incorrect Nesting of Aggregate Functions

An attempt was made to nest one aggregate function inside another, which is typically not allowed in standard SQL without using subqueries or common table expressions.

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Solutions

4 solutions available

1. Review and Correct SQL Query Syntax easy

The most common cause is incorrect usage of aggregate functions in SQL queries.

1

Identify the SQL query that is causing the error. This often happens in custom ABAP reports, SAP Fiori applications, or during data extraction processes that directly query the S/4HANA database.

2

Examine the query for any aggregate functions (e.g., SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN) used in inappropriate contexts. Aggregate functions are typically used with the `GROUP BY` clause. They cannot be used in the `SELECT` list unless they are part of a `GROUP BY` clause or the entire result set is being aggregated.

Example of incorrect usage:
SELECT column1, SUM(column2) FROM my_table;

Example of correct usage:
SELECT column1, SUM(column2) FROM my_table GROUP BY column1;

3

If the aggregate function is intended to operate on the entire table without grouping, ensure it's the only element in the `SELECT` list or part of a subquery that returns a single value. If you need to aggregate individual rows without grouping, reconsider the query's logic.

Example of single aggregate for entire table:
SELECT SUM(column2) FROM my_table;

4

Test the corrected query in a database tool (like SAP HANA Studio, DBVisualizer, or SQL Developer) to confirm it resolves the error.

2. Verify Data Model and View Definitions medium

Incorrectly defined database views or CDS views can lead to this error.

1

If the error originates from a SAP S/4HANA standard or custom CDS view, review the view definition. Aggregate functions must be used correctly within the CDS view logic, often in conjunction with `GROUP BY` clauses.

2

For custom CDS views, check the `SELECT` statements within the view. Ensure that any aggregate functions are either applied to the entire result set (if the view is designed to return a single aggregated value) or are properly grouped.

Example CDS View Snippet (Corrected):
@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'MYAGGVIEW'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Aggregated Data'
define view Z_MY_AGGREGATED_VIEW as select from some_table {
    key category,
    count(*) as item_count
}
group by category;

3

For standard SAP views, this error might indicate a data inconsistency or a bug in a specific SAP release. Check SAP Notes for known issues related to the view or the transaction/application using it.

4

If you suspect a custom view is the culprit, you might need to activate or regenerate the CDS view after making corrections.

3. Investigate ABAP Program Logic medium

ABAP code that generates dynamic SQL or uses internal table aggregations incorrectly can cause this.

1

If the error is triggered by an ABAP program (e.g., a custom report, a transaction), analyze the ABAP code that constructs and executes SQL statements. This is particularly relevant for programs that build SQL queries dynamically.

2

Look for `EXEC SQL` statements or methods that generate SQL (e.g., `cl_sql_statement=>prepare`). Ensure that any aggregate functions used within these SQL strings are syntactically correct and conform to the rules mentioned in Solution 1.

Example ABAP (Dynamic SQL):
DATA: lv_sql TYPE string.

lv_sql = 'SELECT column1, SUM(column2) FROM my_table GROUP BY column1'.

" Execute lv_sql using ABAP SQL or native SQL interface.

3

Also, check if the ABAP program is attempting to perform aggregations on internal tables using functions that are not designed for direct row-level aggregation without a `GROUP BY` equivalent. Re-evaluate the internal table processing logic.

4

Debug the ABAP program to pinpoint the exact SQL statement being executed and the context in which the aggregate function is used.

4. Apply SAP Notes and Update Software Components medium

This error might be a known bug resolved by a SAP Note or a patch.

1

Search the SAP Support Portal (SAP ONE Support Launchpad) for SAP Notes related to 'ERR_SQL_NOT_FUNCTION', 'Aggregate function not allowed', or the specific transaction/program exhibiting the error.

2

If a relevant SAP Note is found, review its description and prerequisites. Apply the recommended correction or implement the manual steps described in the Note.

3

Consider if any recent software component updates (e.g., SAP_BASIS, application-specific components) were applied. If the error started appearing after an update, investigate if the update introduced a regression or if a subsequent patch is available.

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Consult with your SAP Basis team to plan and execute the application of SAP Notes or software updates in a controlled environment.

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Related Errors

5 related errors

SAP S/4HANA Error 275: Invalid Aggregate Function